Figures
Figure 1 Illustration of Metro timeline from 1936 to 2030 and beyond…
Figure 2 Rail network in South Wales ~1910
Figure 3 Post War Rail closures – From Clark & Davies, “ The Peoples Railway”
Figure 4 Urban extent in CCR – from CCR Passenger Rail Vision
Figure 5 From CBDC 1992 – The Square
Figure 6 From 1993 CBDC – Bay Line/Lloyd George Avenue Light Rail
Figure 7 From 1993 CBDC – Urban Realm illustration Lloyd George Avenue
Figure 8 From CBDC 1992 Bute Avenue Development Framework
Figure 9 Cardiff Light Rail Phase 1- Alignment study 1996 by Halcrow for CBDC
Figure 10 WG Rail “Vision” in 2001 from “The Transport Framework for Wales” #2
Figure 11 WG Rail “Vision” in 2001 from “The Transport Framework for Wales” #2
Figure 12 Letter from CCC to Mark Barry in 2006 re Rapid Transit Study
Figure 13 UK bus patronage – from, “Building a World Class Bus System for Britain”
Figure 14 Welsh Government, 2022 Llwybr Newydd, mobility priorities
Figure 15 NR slides ( Gary Draisey) for concept Newport-Cardiff Tram-train in ~2009/10
Figure 16 Excerpts from the 2010 CCC, NR, Motts Cardiff Bay Tram-train study #1
Figure 17 Letter from Ieuan Wyn Jones to Enterprise and Learning Committee in 2009 – P1 of 2
Figure 18 Letter from Ieuan Wyn Jones to Enterprise and Learning Committee in 2009 – P2 of 2
Figure 19 TfW Stadler FLIRT Bi-Mode (image credit Rail Business UK)
Figure 20 Manchester Metrolink “High Floor” Bombardier LRV (image credit Tom Page)
Figure 21 TfW Stadler Tram-train for South Wales Metro (image credit TfW)
Figure 22 BRT in Quito Ecuador (Credit ?)
Figure 23 Glider “Bus” in Belfast (image credit Dept for Infrastructure NI)
Figure 24 TfW Tap and Go Station Reader
Figure 25 London Metropolitan Railway 1863 #1
Figure 26 London Metropolitan Railway 1863 #2 (image credit LT Museum)
Figure 27 Glasgow Underground “Orange” (credit SPT)
Figure 28 Chicago “L” train (image credit Kelly Martin)
Figure 29 Tokyo Subway map
Figure 30 Tyne and Wear Metro
Figure 31 HMT Total capital identifiable expenditure by country ®ion, per head 2014-19
Figure 32 From IPPC 2023 Summary for Polic Makers -Impact on Future Generations
Figure 33 My Metro Vision slide
Figure 34 Illustration of Metro concept developed for CCR and then updated for WG in 2015
Figure 35 My email inviting comment on my first draft Metro article in March 2010
Figure 36 Metro Introductory email issued by M Barry in 2010 to CCC CEO Jon House
Figure 37 Letter from WG to Mark Barry re “Metro Paper” June 2010
Figure 38 Excerpt from my first Metro presentation to CBP in Sep 2010 #1
Figure 39 Excerpt from my first Metro presentation to CBP in Sep 2010 #2
Figure 40 Excerpt from my first Metro presentation to CBP in Sep 2010 #3
Figure 41 One of my first Cardiff Metro maps presented at Cardiff &Co event Dec 2010
Figure 42 M Barry, IWA & CBP, 2011, “A Metro for Wales Capital City Region
Figure 43 A Metro for Wales Capital City Region – Summary and Reviewers
Figure 44 Agenda for 2011 IWA Event to launch Metro Report
Figure 45 M Barry March 2012 Letter to DfT #1
Figure 46 M Barry Letter to DfT March 2012 #2
Figure 47 Excerpt from 2012 VLE Outline Business Case #2
Figure 48 Excerpt from 2012 SWML Electrification Outline Business Case
Figure 49 2013 Metro Consortium Members
Figure 50 Mark Barry & Metro Consortium, 2013, “A Cardiff City Region Metro, 2013
Figure 51 The Metro Consortium 2013 Metro Impact Study, led by Mark Barry
Figure 52 2013 Metro Impact Study – Project Team
Figure 53 2013 Metro Impact Study – Strategic Priorities
Figure 54 2013 Metro Impact Study – Loudon Sq. (The Urbanists prepared this image for me)
Figure 55 2013 Metro Impact Study NW Corridor, City Line, Coryton Line & Bay Line Proposals
Figure 56 2013 Metro Impact Study – Cardiff Bay and “Crossrail”
Figure 57 2013 Metro Impact Study – M4/Relief Line Corridor Proposals
Figure 58 First “Cardiff City Region” Board meeting December 2013
Figure 59 Agenda for first Cardiff City Region Board meeting 19 December 2013
Figure 60 Metro logo originally prepared for the Cardiff City Region Board by WG
Figure 61 People & organisations involved in preparation of 2014 Metro SIP (never published)
Figure 62 A collection of slides going back to 211 re original requirements of CASR
Figure 63 Excerpts from March 2015 slide deck on Metro Options #1
Figure 64 Excerpts from March 2015 slide deck on Metro options #2
Figure 65 Excerpts from March 2015 slide deck on Metro options #3
Figure 66 Illustration of a possible Rhymney Line LR conversion (never used) May 2015
Figure 67 Draft notes of my initial meeting re ERDF funding for Metro in 2014
Figure 68 Nov 2015 version of “Metro” map
Figure 69 Mark Barry, 2015, Welsh Government “Rolling Out Our Metro”
Figure 70 Metro Launch Nov 2015, FMs Briefing
Figure 71 Selected Images from Metro launch at Pontypridd station October 2015
Figure 72 Slide from my WG PPT in December 2015 (the end date has slipped a little!)
Figure 73 Transport for Wales Stadler Citylink Tram-Train Metro Vehicle
Figure 74 Transport for Wales Stadler FLIRT Tri-mode train
Figure 75 Winning KA Bid for Metro ( from presentation to MSs in 2018)
Figure 76 Taffs Well Tram-train depot Spring 2024
Figure 77 Western Mail Headline January 2021
Figure 78 Upgrade WIP at Cardiff Bay station August 2024
Figure 79 Illustration by Laura Sorvala of the “What Metro Might Do?” event
Figure 80 Laura Sorvala illustration of “Metro and Me” in Oct 2018
Figure 81 Mark Barry Swansea Metro 2017 Llanelly House
Figure 82 Mark Barry Swansea Metro 2017 Swansea Tech Hub
Figure 83 Mark Barry 2019 illustration of a potential “Swansea Metro”
Figure 84 TfW’s Swansea Bay Metro proposals 2022
Figure 85 From Case for Investment – rail investment in Wales 2011-2018
Figure 86 From The Case for Investment – priority schemes
Figure 87 From The Case for Investment – potential benefits of priority schemes
Figure 88 An excerpt from my informal briefing to DfT Rail Minister, Huw Merriman, Jan 2023
Figure 89 Letter to M Barry from DfT March 2023
Figure 90 Western Gateway 2050 Rail Vision
Figure 91 M Barry speech at the launch of Western Gateway 2050 Rail Vision in March 2023
Figure 92 M Barry Jan 2020 CCC Transport White Paper launch(Business Wales & M Lewis)
Figure 93 Cardiff Metro Map, from M Barry’s 2011 report (M Jennings)
Figure 94 Cardiff Metro Map from M Barry’s 2011 report (M Jennings)
Figure 95 SWML/GWML Corridor from M Barrys 2011 report (M Jennings)
Figure 96 Update of the 2011 Cardiff Metro Map for the 2013 Metro Report
Figure 97 Metro Illustration prepared from March 2013 Metro Consortium Report
Figure 98 Future SE Wales Integrated Transport Potential Future Network 2013
Figure 99 SEWTA 2013 Rail Strategy (Jacobs) – Long Term Plans
Figure 100 From Cardiff Capital Region Report, 2015 “Powering up the Welsh Economy”
Figure 101 Example of my scrawls and updates during 2015
Figure 102 Another variation of the Metro Map used in internal WG briefings in 2015
Figure 103 An update for “Rolling out our Metro in October 2015
Figure 104 Metro plan from “unpublished ” WG Metro Strategic Implementation plan in 2014
Figure 105 Illustration (never used) of a possible Rhymney Line LR conversion May 2015
Figure 106 CCC Cardiff Crossrail Illustration (2019)
Figure 107 Western Gateway 2050 Rail Vision (Arup 2023)
Figure 108 From 2021 CCR Rail Vision – Integrated Metros along the SWML/GWML
Figure 109 M Barry CBP – GWML Vision (for Transcom 2011)
Figure 110 M Barry CBP, GWML/SWML & Integrated Metros (for Transcom 2011)
Figure 111 CCR Passenger Rail Vision (2021) – Priority Interventions
Figure 112 Transport for Wales Metro Map June 2023
Figure 113 TfW Metro Map June 2024
Figure 114 Seattle King County Transit Map pre/post its “Walker frequency” upgrade
Figure 115 Manchester Metrolink Network
Figure 116 My early Swansea Metro concept (2017) See Figure 83 for updated version
Figure 117 TfW, 2022, “Do you believe in Metro” with Frances Barry
Figure 118 Cardiff Centreplan 70 Cover
Figure 119 Cardiff Centreplan 70 City Centre plans
Figure 120 Centreplan 70 Roads planned in central Cardiff (Credit ?)
Figure 121 Cover of AA “Drive” Magazine New Year 1972
Figure 122 Letter re “Seat Belts” from AA Drive Magazine New Year 1972
Figure 123 My 11-year-old self, and very zoned “city vision”
Figure 124 My career expectations in the mid-1970s
Figure 125 1929 Cardiff Tram Network (credit Tundria-Gábor Sándi )
Figure 126 1913 Minneapolis/St Paul Rapid Transit network (credit ?)
Figure 127 “Metro Transit” Plans for BRT and LR in Minneapolis & St Paul
Figure 128 Passenger Transport % in UK 1952 – 2015
Figure 129 From CCC Progress Report to Parliament June 2023 Surface Transport Emissions
Figure 130 Structural Waste in Car Mobility (credit Ellen Macarthur Foundation)
Figure 131 Senedd Research, Commuting mode share in Wales 2017
Figure 132 CO2 emission by mode, EU Environment Agency 2016
Figure 133 Cardiff Gate Business Park on M4 (image credit Cardiff Gate Business Park)
Figure 134 Trago Mills Retail Park (credit Lee Williams, Keir & Adam Davies Photography)
Figure 135 Wales Online Headline re Tonypandy High Street
Figure 136 Street market in Tonypandy High Street
Figure 137 The excellent Cwtch Cafe in Tonypandy
Figure 138 Ninian Road, Roath Cardiff (credit ?)
Figure 139 What sort of future do we want?(Los Angeles Traffic on I 405 Credit KABC-TV)
Figure 140 What sort of future do we want? (Katy freeway, Houston Tx) (Credit ?)
Figure 141 Credit to, and from Patrick Miner 2024 paper.
Figure 142 Car Ownership by Income Group and Tenure
Figure 143 Credit Wink Motors – Micro mobility
Figure 144 A Citroen Ami Pop somewhere in Marseille
Figure 145 Recent flared road junction in Barry
Figure 146 Continuous pavement and cycleway in Cardiff
Figure 147 From Todd Litman’s 2024 paper – automobile dependency and sprawl costs
Figure 148 From K Nicholas, 12 Ways to get cars out of cities
Figure 149 Recommendations from WSP CCC commissioned study into mode shift
Figure 150 Illustration of “TOD” from Institute of Transportation and Development Policy
Figure 151 The Missing Middle (Source Opticos Design)
Figure 152 Laura Sorvala Illustration of TOD Charrette 2019
Figure 153 Malaga with density built in
Figure 154 Malaga generally a 7~10 story city
Figure 155 Barcelona – TOD by default
Figure 156 Denver, Bellview – New density around transit
Figure 157 From Denver’s TOD Plan 2014
Figure 158 The Mill, Cardiff (Tirion Homes)
Figure 159 Merches Gardens in Grangetown has been “blocked” off since the 1970s
Figure 160 Illustration of scale of TOD and Placemaking Impacts (The Urbanists)
Figure 161 Credit Jarrett Walker, “Human Transit” (Island Press), Ridership Vs Coverage
Figure 162 Credit Jarrett Walker, “Human Transit”(Island Press), Ridership Vs Coverage
Figure 163 Table from Senedd explanation note re WG 20mph limits
Figure 164 Service from everywhere-to-everywhere Vs Grids V Hub & Spoke
Figure 165 The multi-modal integrated grids we need for our Metros in Wales
Figure 166 From HiTrans Guidance re Network effects from “Planning the networks
Figure 167 Range of demand elasticities vs context
Figure 168 Selected Station 2018/19 PAX in Cardiff
Figure 169 Annotated illustration from HiTrans Guidance to exemplify Cardiff “Metro” services
Figure 170 Segregated BRT in Quito with “stations” & off-vehicle ticketing (credit ?)
Figure 171 An Illustration of mode applicability Vs demand
Figure 172 Road space: car V bus V AT (Source Cycling Promotion Fund, Canberra 2013)
Figure 173 Current Manchester Metrolink network
Figure 174 Newcastle Metro
Figure 175 From HiTrans Guidance “Network Planning”: basis of high frequency network
Figure 176 From Hi Trans Guidance “Network Planning”
Figure 177 Illustration of Welsh Rail Funding problem (2023)
Figure 178 Capital Spending per head by region/nation 2021)
Figure 179 Excerpt from IRP Nov 2021 – cut back again in October 2023
Figure 180 Updated BCR from 2022 Updated SOC for HS2
Figure 181 From Phase 2b Crewe-Manchester Updated SOC 2021
Figure 182 DfT HS2 FBC Free Up Capacity
Figure 183 Steer Study re WCML service enhancements post HS2
Figure 184 HMT allocation of HS2 Capital based on “where benefits fall”
Figure 185 Excerpt from HMT Statement of Funding Policy 2021
Figure 186 From HMT Statement of Funding Policy – Barnett Formula calculation
Figure 187 GWML Line Speed (source Arup)
Figure 188 HS2 V NR Rail Enhancement Spend
Figure 189 Meetings between Ken Skates and Lord Peter Hendy August 2024
Figure 190 Wales Transport Strategy – Sustainable Transport Hierarchy
Figure 191 Mode share targets from CCC Transport White Paper
Figure 192 Cardiff Council’s 2019 Transport White Paper
Figure 193 From UCL Luminocity Population/Activity Density in Wales ( 2011 Census Data)
Figure 194 Commuting patterns in CCR (ONS Census 2011)
Figure 195 800M line catchment population vs planned service frequency on CVL
Figure 196 City Link Light Rail Tram-train “Metro Vehicles”
Figure 197 CCR Metro: Concept for strategic routes (local bus, Traws Cymru & AT not shown)
Figure 198 Metro Priorities for Cardiff: Crossrail Phase 2
Figure 199 Credit CCC/TfW/The Urbanists Sep 2024 – Crossrail Phase 1a Callaghan Sq #1
Figure 200 Credit CCC/TfW/ The Urbanists Sep 2024 – Crossrail Phase 1a Callaghan Sq #2
Figure 201 Simplified CVL service with Crossrail Phase 1&2 (other variants possible)
Figure 202 Illustration of full Cardiff Crossrail concept
Figure 203 2013 Metro Impact Study – Cardiff Bay and “Crossrail”
Figure 204 2013 Mero Impact Study – Full NW Corridor/Crossrail
Figure 205 A Swansea Bay Metro into the 2030s
Figure 206 Opportunities in northeast Wales
Figure 207 Western Gateway 2050 Rail Vision (Arup 2023)
Figure 208 SWML “network of alternatives” from TfW 2023 consultation
Figure 209 Rail innovation in northwest Wales
Figure 210 Strategic N-S Rail and Bus routes in Wales
Figure 211 Excerpt from All Ireland Strategic Rail Review (Arup July 2024)
Figure 212 Mayor Andy Burnham and the Bee Network
Figure 213 ONS Estimated population of City Regions 2015
Figure 214 Rail connection from Eurotunnel in the early 1990s
Figure 215 From Greengauge 21 -Rail connectivity for major UK Cities
Figure 216 Top left my flat in William Kent Crescent in Hulme ~1985
Figure 217 My ~1985 “recording token” for the Kitchen Studio in Hulme
Figure 218 Mark Barry’s Dr Marten boots
Figure 219 2008 Letter from MP Jenny Willott
Figure 220 2008 Ian Coucher Letter #1
Figure 221 2008 Ian Coucher Letter #2
Figure 222 2008 Ian Coucher Letter #3
Figure 223 CBP submission to SEWTA Consultation August 2012
Figure 224 CBP Letter to DfT Jan 2012 #1
Figure 225 CBP Letter to DfT Jan 2012 #2
Figure 226 Letter from DfT to M Barry July 2012 #1
Figure 227 Letter from DfT to M Barry July 2012 #2
Figure 228 M Barry email to E Hart April 2012 #1
Figure 229 M Barry email to E Hart April 2012 #2
Figure 230 CCR Metro Programme Emerging Priorities post CVL transformation
Figure 231 SWML Programme Emerging Priorities
Figure 232 Illustration of “grid” concept
Figure 233 The right mode for the right corridor
Tables
Table 1 Net Zero Wales Mode Share Targets
Table 2 Summary data for each “Metro Region”
Table 3 Wales Built Up Area (BUA) Population from “City Population” (ONS 2021 Census).
Table 4 Potential for fewer local authorities in the CCR